A clause is a group of words that includes a verb. A subordinate clause begins with a subordinating conjunction. Here are some subordinating conjunctions: if, when, since, because, while
When you begin a sentence with one of these words, your sentence automatically begins with a subordinate clause. A subordinate clause must be followed by an independent clause. Be sure to put a comma after the subordinate clause, before the independent clause.
Here are subordinate clauses that begin with the subordinating conjunctions listed above:
If it rains today
When school is over
Since we have practice on Saturday
Because I broke the fence
While I was reading
Notice that these clauses do not make sense. To make these clauses into sentences, we need to put a comma after each subordinate clause and then add an independent clause, like this:
If it rains today, we have to practice inside.
When school is over, I have to go straight home.
Since we have practice on Saturday, I can’t go to the mall.
Because I broke the fence, I have to help my dad repair it.
While I was reading, my phone rang.
When you begin a sentence with a subordinate clause word, you must put a comma after the subordinate clause and then add an independent clause.
▶Now you try it. This sentence begins with a subordinate clause. Can you put a comma in the correct place? While you are cleaning your room I will dust the furniture. I’ll bet you found the spot for a comma. Good for you!